Ads help us keep WindCSS free for everyone
Electricity and Electronics
Computers ultimately run on controlled electron flow. In this module, you will explore how voltage, resistance, stored charge, and transistor switching turn raw electricity into computation.
1. Ohm's Law: Pressure, Resistance, and Flow
Electricity behaves a lot like water pressure. Voltage (Volt) is the pushing force. Resistance (Ohm) is the narrowing of the pipe that opposes the flow. The resulting movement of charge is called Current (Ampere).
Result
Optimal flow. The LED lights safely.
2. Capacitor: Energy Storage
A capacitor consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating layer. When voltage is applied, it stores charge; when the supply is removed, it releases that charge back into the circuit. On motherboards, capacitors help smooth electrical fluctuations.
3. Transistor: Foundation of Digital Logic
This is one of the core building blocks of modern computers. In this simulation, we use a 2N2222 NPN transistor. A tiny signal at the base controls a much larger current flowing from collector to emitter. Billions of transistors inside a CPU operate on this principle.
Base Pin (Control)
> When a very small signal (for example, 0.6 V) reaches the transistor's Base (B) pin, the silicon structure inside changes and the gate between Collector (C) and Emitter (E) opens. That allows a larger current to pass through. CPU logic emerges from millions or billions of these switches opening and closing in sequence.
Ads help us keep WindCSS free for everyone